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국제적 과학교육학술논문 요약과 외국 과학교육 및 국제화
[Workshop 2] An Alternative Method in Science Education-For Students with a Visual Impairment
In nature, there are various information that stimulate all human senses. Therefore, it is possible for the students with visual impairment to observe and do experiments through their senses other than the eyesight.
Students with visual impairment can fully enjoy observations and experiments by using all the senses that they hold, since information of nature is diverse, and therefore does not only depend on the visual information．
The Characteristics of Observation and Experiment ~Points to Consider in Teaching~
In the order for the students to engage themselves in the study activities, it is necessary for them to understand the setting that surrounds them, and the process that they are expected to follow.
Before the experiment, it is important to take a plenty of time to let them touch and practice using each appliances on the table．
To understand the overall experiment, it is very helpful for the students to carry out the experiment by themselves from the beginning to the end.
By understanding the operation and reaction of the experiment, they can comprehend the relationship of cause and effect.
When an experiment involves more complex and advanced appliances and the chances of accidents are high, there is a need for the teacher to assist.
But even in the case, once the students acquire basic knowledge from these basic experiments, they will be able to understand more advanced experiments.
The kinds of basic practices are; putting water into the test tube, putting powder (salt and sugar) into the test tube, mixing by shaking the test tube, and verifying whether the solid dissolved or not.
Some of these tasks are easily understood, for individuals with vision. However, in order to carry out the experiment by themselves, repetition of basic practice is strongly recommended for the students with visual impairment.
For the blind to notice the existing light and changes in it’s color, light probe is very useful.
The pitch of the light probe changes depending on the brightness of the light.
When the light is bright (white color ), the pitch will be high, and when it is dark (black), the pitch will become low.
In using the light probe effectively, have student understand the flow of the experiment. Be sure that students understand WHAT and WHERE to measure with the light probe in the experiment.
Every time the light probe has a change in its pitch, have students reinstate the meaning behind it.
Reinstate the meaning by gathering together sound, smell, temperature change; all things students were able to observe by their senses and light probe during the gas generating experiment．
첨부
toriyama.ppt
Yoshiko Toriyama, Koichi Kodama
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