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과학교육학 학위논문 요약과 종합해설
The effect of science teaching on the fourth grade Korean child's concept of Piagetian physical causality
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ABSTRACT of the above thesis submitted in fulfilment of the regulations for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the The Pennsylvania State University
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The purpose of the this study was to find whether selected science experiences affect the fourth grade Korean child's concept of Piagetian physical causality and to find cross cultural differences between children of Korea, the United States, and Trinidad and Tobago.
The study involved 208 fourth grade Korean children selected randomly from the Attached Primary School, Inchon teachers College, Inchon, Korea, of which 104 children were assigned to an experimental group and the rest to a control group.
Four classroom teachers and eleven college students
were trained before the treatment period so that the classroom teachers would be familiar with teaching contents and materials and college students would be acquinted with the clinical interview technique.
The instruments used for the pretest and posttest in this study were the Concept Assessment Kit-Conservation (Form A), The I.Q. Test(Form A), and the Clinical Interiew I and II for the assessment of the concepts of living and floating.
The statistical methods used for the data analyses were Chi-Square, Kruskal-Wallis One-way Analysis of Variance, Analysis of Variance, Spearman Rank Order Corelation Coefficient and the t-test.
The experimental subjects were taught the concept of floating and the concept of living for 150 minutes, respectively, while the control group subjects were taught arts as a placebo for 300 minutes.
The independent variables were science experiences, sex of the child, verbal ability, mathematical ability, and stage of development. The dependent variables were the child's concept of physical causality, particulary the causal relations of animism and dynamism and the change in developmental level.
Analysis of the resulting data revealed several significant findings in the areas of science teaching, sex comparison, verbal and mathematical ability, and the developmental stages.
Significant diffirences were found between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group was in general superior to the control group.
No significant diffirence was found between the experimental males and females, or between the control males and females for both causal relations of animism and dynamism. Both the experimental males and females showed signficantly higher scores tha the control males and females for the causal relation of dynamism, but did not show any significant diffirence in the scores for the causal relation of animism since all subjects learned about living and non-living things when they were in the first gade. As a consequence many of them were classified as either in transitional or true causality before the treatment period.
The results indicated significant correlations between the child's verbal and mathematical ability and his/her ability to underatand the causal relations of animism and dynamism. No significant difference was found between children who showed a change in developmental level and those who
did not showed a change.
From the rsults of this study, it was concluded that the causal relations of animism and dynamism could be taught to the fourth grade Korean children. The fourth grade child's ability to understand the causal relations of animism and dynamism was in general similar to children of the
United States and Trinidad and Tobago.
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The Pennsylvania State University ( 1982 )
Supervisor: Professor H. Seymour Fowler
한안진 (ahann37@hotmail.com)
경인교육대학교
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